The Real Housewife of Ciudad Juárez

Border security is a big issue in past and current Immigration Policy debates. Policies in border security include measures that not only increase Border Patrol personnel at the Mexican-American borders, but also call for the erection of physical barriers between the two countries. This is true in “Operation Gatekeeper” in San Diego, California, “Operation Safeguard” in Tuscon, Arizona, and “Operation Hold the Line” in El Paso, Texas.

How does this affect the lives of families that straddle that border?

One woman, Emily Bonderer Cruz, writes all about this exact topic in her blog: The Real Housewife of Ciudad Juárez. She writes about crossing the border, about friends and family and work across the border, and she writes about her husband who is trapped behind that border.

Emily Bonderer Cruz is an American citizen who fell in love with an undocumented immigrant man from Mexico. While love (often) does not care about immigration status, Ray “Gordo” Mundo’s immigration status severely complicated their relationship. Ray Mundo, had been deported back to Mexico before he met Emily. Then he came back into the United States, again without immigration status. Then, he met Emily.  The previous order of removal meant that even if Ray and Emily were to be married, he’d have to live outside of the United States for ten years before being able to re-enter and adjust to Legal Permanent Resident status.

So, Emily moved. She moved with Ray. She moved with Ray to a border town in Mexico. And she commutes passed those giant walls, into El Paso, Texas, every morning.

In July, 2013, NPR’s This American Life featured Emily’s story. Listen to it. Read her blog. It’s fascinating.

The Problem with Possibly Postponing the ACA’s Insurance Mandate

The Problem with Possibly Postponing the ACA’s Insurance Mandate

Yesterday, NPR’s Story of the Day podcast replayed a story from All Things Considered which discusses the problems created by the glitches in the governments Affordable Care Act (ACA) website. Some critics of the ACA are calling for a delay in the implementation of the insurance mandate.  If people cannot sign up for insurance with the government, how can the government penalize people for not having insurance?  As the story explains, the seemingly simple fix of delaying the insurance mandate is complicated. 

Here is are excerpts from the story: 

One of the big questions now circulating concerns what will happen if the website can’t be fixed soon. Will the government really penalize people for not having insurance if they can’t realistically buy it?

Technically, people are supposed to have coverage starting Jan. 1, 2014. But there’s a 90-day grace period, meaning you actually have until the end of March, which is also when the current open enrollment period ends. . . .

Even the administration says it wants to fix this. At a briefing Monday, White House spokesman Jay Carney said, “In terms of the Feb. 15 date that you just mentioned, there’s no question that there’s a disconnect between open enrollment and the individual responsibility time frames in the first year only. And those are going to be addressed.”

And if that mismatch does get changed, it would give people an additional month and a half to sign up without risking a penalty — and without extending the existing open enrollment date.

But what about the possibility of extending the enrollment period, which even some Democratsare now calling for if the website isn’t fixed soon? Or of waiving the penalty for the first year?

That’s where you start to run into big issues with the insurance companies that are offering these products in the exchanges. They set their premiums based on the rules as they’re written — that healthy young people would be strongly encouraged to sign up by the prospect of a penalty, and that they would be encouraged to sign up within this six-month window.

Radiolab: Blame

Radiolab: Blame

Recenlty, WNYC‘s Radiolab ran one of the most intense and interesting podcasts I have heard in quite sometime.  The podcast, titled “Blame,” is about the intersection of law, technology, and moral responsibility.   

The first story, “Fault Line,” is about a New Jersey man epilepsy may or may not have play a role in his child pornography addiction.  Here is a description of “Fault Line”

Kevin* is a likable guy who lives with his wife in New Jersey. And he’s on probation after serving time in a federal prison for committing a disturbing crime. Producer Pat Walters helps untangle a difficult story about accountability, and a troubling set of questions about identity and self-control. Kevin’s doctor, neuroscientist Orrin Devinsky, claims that what happened to Kevin could happen to any of us under similar circumstances — in a very real way, it wasn’t entirely his fault. But prosecutor Lee Vartan explains why he believes Kevin is responsible just the same, and should have served the maximum sentence.

The second story, “Forget about Blame?”, is a conversation between the hosts of Radiolab with David Eagleman, a neuroscientist who argues that the law should forget about retributivism and blame. Eagleman defends the “my brain made me do it” defense and suggests that neuroscience should fundamentally alter how we think about criminal law.

Here is a description of the story: 

Nita Farahany, who’s been following the growing field of Neurolaw for years now, helps uncover what seems to be a growing trend — defendants using brain science to argue that they aren’t entirely at fault. Neuroscientist David Eagleman thinks this is completely wrongheaded, and argues for tossing out blame as an old-fashioned, unfair way of thinking about the law. According to David and Amy Phenix, a clinical and forensic psychologist who relies on statistics, it makes more sense to focus on the risk of committing more crimes. But Jad and Robert can’t help wondering whether that’s really a world they want to live in. 

Finally, the third story, “Dear Hector”, is a remarkable tale of forgiveness.  It is about a father who befriends his daughter’s murderer.  

Reporter Bianca Giaever brings us a story of forgiveness that’s nearly impossible to comprehend — even for the man at the center of it, an octogenarian named Hector Black.

Veterans and Suicide, an Unsolvable Problem ?

Well the shut down is over, meaning all the doom and gloom that would have affected the veteran community did not happen. As of a few days ago, the VA website announced it would be resuming normal operations.
While looking for something to write about this week, I stumbled upon a fairly old announcement on the VA website; September was Suicide Prevention Month. For those that are unaware suicide is a major problem for the veteran community particularly with large numbers of vets coming home after having sustained both physical and mental losses.

To combat this problem there are prevention coordinators at all 151 VA medical centers and a hotline people can call when they feel they need help. Typically when someone talks about veteran suicide, PTSD is inevitably mentioned. This of course is for good reason as depression can be a symptom in someone suffering from PTSD, but I have always believed there is more to it than that.
I got out of the Marine Corps in 2009, each year since then someone I served with has committed suicide. Some of them were pretty good friends; others I only knew in passing. In the military, and especially the infantry units, the bond between brothers-in-arms is close. One guy who committed suicide, I think I only spoke to once or twice, but it still stung. The reason it stings is because, I would argue, the hard part is over. These vets have made it through enemy fire, IED’s , and all the other stuff that can kill you in Iraq or Afghanistan and yet they come home can cannot cope.
I am not going to get into deep medical or psychological evidence as to why any of this happens because, quite frankly, I am not convinced the experts even know much about the problem. What I do know is that for those of us who have been in combat, life back home is often not the same. A young infantryman returning home often finds friends have either moved away or are not the same people they were when you left. Wives and girlfriends in some cases are also not there anymore, and it can be difficult if they are getting used to being around them again. A friend of mine got drunk and angry because his wife wouldn’t let him hold his child. He promptly killed himself with a pistol. Nobody that knows him really knows why. He just did. There is no policy that can be put in place to prevent that. Out of all the people I know who have committed suicide, not one of them asked for help from their loved ones. To my knowledge none of them called a help line at the VA. Each year I was in the Marines I sat through hours of mandatory depression and suicide prevention classes designed to make us aware of the emotional problems that befall so many.
War is difficult, being in the military is difficult, and life after can be even more difficult. These are just facts of life. The solution is not an easy one. For those of us where depression is not an issue, all we can do is wait for the call for help, look for the signs, and hope our friends come out OK.

Health Insurance Reservations

I am now a semi retired older physician who started practicing rheumatology in Syracuse in 1975. During the recent government impasse, I experienced a curious relief that universal health insurance might not happen. Although I have supported universal health insurance for decades, working within Medicare guidelines as made me suspicious of government control. I doubt most patients care about documentation requirements in order to bill for medical services through Medicare. Patients might be surprised to learn a complete review of systems encompassing 12 areas of possible complaints must be documented in order to bill for a complicated consultation. In the past, we [the physicians] could simply ask whether anything else was bothering you. Now we must go through a laborious inventory asking about menstrual problems, memory loss, extra-marital sex, etc., and whether or not you are using a seat belt and are agreeable to routine HIV testing. I have always resisted becoming the patient’s biographer as most of the data is none of my business, and the answers do not usually impact my specialty services. Medicare forces me to go way beyond my comfortable limits. The process started as an innocent attempt to ensure appropriate services were rendered, but has evolved in typical government fashion, to include a 1-2 page confusing list of mostly irrelevant issues.

I remember when everyone paid directly for services. Then, it was not unusual for some patients to decline expensive investigation. Many would refuse additional x-rays especially if there was no direct impact on treatment. With insurance, patients have already paid. They want their money’s worth, which means some want every test and treatment possibly relevant. Many expect an MRI of the affected area and feel neglected if not done.

When patients paid directly they limited their requests to attainable goals requiring expert opinion/services. Now, in a further attempt to get their money’s worth some keep adding on additional complaints many of which are impossible to solve satisfactorily. For example, being overweight and fatigued usually has a straightforward solution… eat less and exercise more. With insurance, some feel entitled to diet advice, appetite suppressants, in depth evaluation to exclude anemia, cancer, etc.. Modern medicine has not solved the problem of how to reduce fatigue and excess weight with a simple pill. Good health is not yet effortless, but insurance makes it worth a try.

Another consequence of insurance results from the natural tendency to discount advice that comes for free. Our recommendations, which used to cost real out of pocket money, is now treated as coming for free in the same way as supplement advertisements, or cheap shot advice off the Internet. Most pay directly for their lawyer’s advice and are often happy to do so. I doubt this would be the case if/when legal advice becomes a government supplied insurance benefit with little or no direct payment required.

My last reservation is that perhaps lifesaving healthcare is not affordable. We can often afford to patch things up for hours to days, but often treatments such as intensive care unit support for months, organ transplantation, or intensive genetic testing are very, very expensive. We have been willing to spend enough so that the sick and dying do not get left in the street, but are we able to pay indefinitely for costly care that could consume over 20-30% of GDP?

Nevertheless, the nagging discontent with the hidden consequences of insurance pale by comparison with the frustration that develops when simple effective treatment cannot be delivered due to lack of funds. I therefore still support the affordable care act but worry about some of the consequences.

Hopefully, these issues can be addressed to evolve a smooth running efficient medical system. But given our current collective inability to work together, I am not holding my breath.